Improvement in steam and water gages for steasvi-boilers



-level from the boiler. "It allows of being ing the Water-level, also indicates the amount `Sider the best means of v carrying rout the in- `elevation and the boiler in section.

l sition of an inverted U. The two legs of this these pipes with the boiler is important, and,

` may indicate bothv the pressure of the steam water-level in the boiler is ever expected to ever expected to sink.V The point of junction a ,ennnnnsn HALL, on Nnw YORK, N. Y.

Specification formingpari of Letters Patent N0. H29594, dated July 30, 1872.

Specification describing anew and Improved Water and Steam Gage, invented by CHARLES H. HALL, of New York city, in the State of New York.

The importance of knowing correctly the level ofthe water in alsteam-boiler has been long recognized. This invention is intended to indicate the true level very correctly, and to show this effect not onlyr in the immediate vicinity, but at a distantV point, as in the counting-room of a manufactory or in the cabin of a steam-ship. It will indicate at a' dierent mounted considerably above or an indefinite distance belowthe level of the boiler. The same instrument, while thus reliably indicatof steam-pressure. Y l The following is a description of what I convention.

The accompanying drawing forms a part of this specification, and represents the gage as applied to a steam-boiler, the gage being in A is-"a fixed frame-work of wood or metal, and B is a bent glass tube mounted in the posiphon-shaped tube I will denote, respectively, by B1 B2. The lower end of each is socketed in a metal connection provided with a cock, which connects it, by means of pipes bl b2, (only portions of which are represented,) withy a steam-boiler, M. The inode of connection of in connection with certain precautions taken in retaining a proper quantity of air in the gage at the commencement, insures a reliable performance of the apparatus, so that the level of the water in the two legs of the glass tube and the level of the water. The pipebl connects the base of the leg. l?.1 with the boiler at or a little above the highest point which the attain. This may be described as being at or a little above the level of the ordinary upper gage-cock. The other pipe b2 connects from the lower end of the leg B2 to a point below that to which the water-level in the boiler is of the pipe b1 with the boiler being an important feature in the apparatus, I will designate it by a distinctive letter, X.

There may be many means of starting the apparatus in they right condition. I will describe one of the simplest, The cocks D- D2 being three-way cocks, they are rst turned into such position as to discharge from their respective pipes b1 b2 into the atmosphere. Under these conditionsA the pipe b1 lls .with steam and the pipe b2 fills with water. Both cocks are now turned, so that all communication is closed, and the pipe b1 fills with water produced by the condensation of the steam therein, fresh steam naturally liowing in to` supply the place of that which has been con densed until the whole is filled up to the level of its junction with the boiler. Now both cocks D1 D2 are cautiously opened, and the water from both pipes, acted on by the pressu re from the boiler, compresses the air in the bent tube B, andcauses the water to rise in both legs B1 B2. The air yields by its elasticity, and increases itstension as it is compressed until its tension just equals that in the boiler, assuming the gage to be mounted at the level of the boiler, or a little above or below that pressure, according as the gage is mounted above or below the level of the boiler. Here all motion ceases, and the level of the water in the two legs of the gage, taken conjointly,`-indicates correctly the pressure in the'boiler.

' If the water-level in the boiler is up to the point X there will not only be the same steampressure felt on each pipe b1 b2, and consequently in each leg B1 B2 of the glass tube, but there will be the same water-pressure in each, and consequently the level of the water in the two legs of the glass gage will exactly coincide with each other; but when the waterlevel in the boiler gets below the point X there will be correspondingly less water-pressure on the pipe b2, and consequently a correspondingly less pressure in the leg B2 of the gage. The slightest difference in the pressure in the two legs of the gage is manifested inthe corresponding difference of the level of the water therein, because the upper ends of the two legs are freely connected by the bent pipe B.

The air, therefore, changes its position from one leg to the other, as required, and the difference in the level of the water in the two legs, Bi BQ, of the gage is always exactly' equal to the depth to which the water-level in the boiler has sunk below the point of connection of the pipe b1. The central tube E is a straight glass tube closed at the top, and tightly socketcd in the metal connection G at the bottom.

VVhen the cock H is open there is a free cornmunication between the two legs of the main gage, before described, and any difference of pressure which may obtain therein at the moment will become equalized. It follows that the cock H must be very tight, and must be open only when itis desired to induce this equalization. Under ordinary conditions the cock H is closed and the main gauge B B1 B2 operates as above described, while the additional glass tube E serves as an additional gage properly graduated to indicate the pressmy-hand this 22d day of June, 1872, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' C. H. HALL.

V'Vitnesses:

ARNOLD HRMANN, W. G. DEY. 

